How Large is Turkey's Trade Footprint in 2025, according to Turkey Trade Data?
Turkey's total import bill reached approximately $364 billion in 2025, a 6.2% increase on the prior year, while exports hit a record $269.7 billion annualized — September 2025's $22.6 billion monthly figure was the highest single month ever recorded. The resulting $92 billion trade deficit is the widest on record, driven by an import base growing faster than the export side can offset.
Turkey's scale in global trade is substantial: it ranked 28th among the world's exporters and the 9th largest importer globally. The three largest import categories alone (mineral fuels at $61.36 billion, machinery at $41.64 billion, vehicles at $36.87 billion) absorbed 38.39% of the entire import bill, signalling an industrial economy that still imports the bulk of its energy and capital inputs.
The export side carries its own concentration. Vehicles and automotive parts generated $36.76 billion (13.44%) of outbound trade, followed by machinery at $25.94 billion (9.48%) and electrical equipment at $17.76 billion (6.49%). The top ten export categories accounted for 57% of the total export value.
The overlap between Turkey's leading import and export categories is the most telling signal in the data. Vehicles and machinery appear prominently on both sides of the ledger: Turkey imports premium passenger cars and industrial machinery while simultaneously manufacturing and exporting automotive components and capital equipment. This is not a contradiction — it is the signature of a processing economy that buys upstream and sells downstream, with the bilateral flows in sectors like petroleum (imported as crude via Russia, refined and re-exported via TUPRAS) and gold (imported as bullion through Switzerland and the UAE, re-exported as jewellery through HS 7113) making the point precisely.
Who Are Turkey's Top Trading Partners in 2025?
Major Turkey import partners by country
China led Turkey's import landscape in 2025 at $49.54 billion (13.60%), supplying telecommunications equipment (HS 8517: 7.22% of China-sourced imports), computing hardware (HS 8471: 5.08%), and passenger vehicles (HS 8703: 3.51%). Russia followed at $42.37 billion (11.63%), with petroleum oils (HS 2710: 23.2%) and coal (HS 2701: 7.14%) accounting for the bulk of its flows. Germany ranked third at $30.11 billion (8.26%), driven by petroleum products, women's apparel, and coal tar chemicals.
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📊 Turkey Import Partner Insights by TradeInt
TradeInt's Turkey import data 2025 shows China at $49.54B (13.60%) and Russia at $42.37B (11.63%), together supplying 25.23% of Turkey's ~$364B import bill; Switzerland ranks fifth despite an exceptionally narrow product mix — gold (HS 7108) constitutes 82.75% of Swiss-origin imports into Turkey, confirming that Turkey's bullion import flows route through specific commodity-trade hubs before entering domestic refining, data cross-referenced with TÜİK Foreign Trade Statistics.
💡 Read more: Turkey Import Data 2025: Top Partners, Product Analysis
China and Russia, together, supplied 25.23% of all Turkish imports, two distinct dependencies within a single headline figure: China for manufactured goods and consumer electronics, Russia for energy inputs. The top three European partners (Germany, Italy, France) add a further 16.12%, reflecting deep integration with EU manufacturing supply chains. Switzerland's fifth-place ranking ($15.74 billion) is almost entirely explained by gold: HS 7108 constitutes 82.75% of Swiss-origin imports into Turkey, with the UAE's position ($9.66 billion), similarly gold-driven at 78.15% — confirming that Turkey's bullion import flows route through specific financial and commodity trade hubs before entering domestic refining and jewellery production.
Three patterns stand out across the top ten:
- Energy concentration: Russia, Germany, and France each have HS 2710 (petroleum oils) in their top three, collectively supplying the majority of Turkey's refined fuel needs.
- Automotive inputs: South Korea and Spain both list HS 8703 as a top import line — passenger vehicles entering Turkey for distribution, not manufacturing.
- Gold corridors: Switzerland and the UAE channel bullion into Turkey at scale; both rank in the top ten despite narrow product mixes.
Major Turkey export partners by country
Germany was Turkey's largest export destination in 2025 at $22.19 billion (8.11%), with automotive parts (HS 8708: 7.54%), passenger cars (HS 8703: 5.76%), and commercial vehicles (HS 8704: 5.45%) forming the top three product lines; a clear automotive supply-chain relationship embedded over decades of industrial cooperation. The United Kingdom followed at $16.79 billion (6.14%), led by commercial vehicles (HS 8704: 11.4%), passenger cars (HS 8703: 8.18%), and refined petroleum (HS 2710: 7.95%). The United States ranked third at $16.35 billion (5.98%) with a notably different product mix: aircraft engines (HS 8411: 5.79%), jewellery (HS 7113: 5.52%), and woven carpets (HS 5702: 4.08%).
✔ Turkey Exporter List ✔ Turkey Export Partners
📊 Turkey Export Automotive Insights by TradeInt
TradeInt's Turkey export data 2025 shows vehicles leading at $36.76B (13.44%), with the automotive cluster; HS 8703 ($13.36B), HS 8704 ($8.42B), and HS 8708 ($8.29B), collectively accounting for over 11% of all Turkish exports; France receives HS 8703 as 21.69% of bilateral imports from Turkey, Spain at 15%, confirming Turkey's structural integration into EU automotive supply chains, supported by Turkey's record $269.7B annualised export figure in 2025.
💡 Read more: Turkey Export Data 2025: Top Partners, Products Analysis
Six of Turkey's top ten export partners are EU member states, and their combined share exceeds 30% of total Turkish exports. France and Spain are the sharpest illustration: HS 8703 (passenger cars) accounts for 21.69% of Turkey's exports to France and 15% to Spain — Turkey's automotive output is structurally embedded in EU production and distribution networks.
Iraq, at fifth ($12.41 billion), is the non-European outlier, and its product mix tells a different story. The leading export lines to Iraq are citrus fruit (HS 0805), furniture (HS 9403), and baked goods (HS 1905), entirely distinct from automotive and industrial goods flowing west into the EU. Iraq, alongside the UAE ($9.28 billion, dominated by jewellery at 42.90%), anchors Turkey's Middle East trade axis: consumer goods and processed commodities heading south and east, and manufactures industrial goods heading west.
The UAE's dual role is worth noting. It appears at tenth on the import side ($9.66 billion, predominantly gold) and eighth on the export side ($9.28 billion, predominantly jewellery and gold products). Turkey imports raw bullion through Dubai and re-exports finished and semi-finished precious metal products back into the Gulf — a bilateral loop that makes the UAE simultaneously Turkey's most gold-intensive import source and its leading jewellery export market.
How Can I Access Turkey Trade Data 2025 by Company, HS Code, or Partner?
Turkey import export records are available through both free institutional sources and commercial trade-intelligence platforms, with a critical difference in depth: free sources publish aggregated statistics by country and product; commercial trade data platforms like TradeInt provide shipment-level records with individual importer and exporter company names, HS codes, port details, and transaction dates.
- Step 1 — Identify your use case. Aggregate statistics (total trade value by partner country and HS chapter) serve market sizing and policy research. Shipment-level records (individual transactions with company names) serve supplier verification, competitor monitoring, and buyer prospecting. The two use cases require different sources.
- Step 2 — Use TÜİK for official monthly aggregate data. Turkey's Statistical Institute (TÜİK / TURKSTAT) publishes monthly foreign trade statistics broken down by product and partner country, free of charge at data.tuik.gov.tr. Data is typically released four to six weeks after the reference month. TÜİK is the primary official source and the basis for Turkey's WTO and Eurostat submissions.
- Step 3 — Use WITS or UN Comtrade for longer time series. The World Bank's WITS platform provides annual and monthly Turkey trade statistics with tariff data and non-tariff measures, covering bilateral flows from 2000 onward. UN Comtrade extends the commodity-level record back to 1962. Both are free; neither includes company-level transaction details.
- Step 4 — Use a commercial platform for shipment-level records. For importer and exporter company names, alongside HS code, value, quantity, port of entry or exit, and origin/destination country, the level of detail shown in the company tables throughout this article, commercial platforms like TradeInt present Turkish customs declarations and bill of lading records. Update cycles on commercial platforms are typically monthly.
- Step 5 — Filter by HS code or company name to locate specific flows. Within a shipment-level dataset, filtering by a 4-digit HS codes, every active company in that product category — both Turkish buyers and their foreign suppliers, enabling supplier verification, competitive benchmarking, and new-market identification in a single query.
Full shipment-level Turkey trade data — covering the partners, HS codes, and company-level flows documented in this article, schedule a TradeInt demo here.
FAQs about Turkey Trade Data 2025
What is Turkey's largest import product in 2025?
At the HS code level, gold (HS 7108) was Turkey's single largest import product in 2025 at $23.13 billion (6.35%), ahead of passenger vehicles (HS 8703) at $22.33 billion (6.13%) and petroleum oils (HS 2710) at $17.58 billion (4.83%). At the broader product category level, mineral fuels and oils led to $61.36 billion (16.84%) — more than twice the value of any other single category. Data presented is sourced from Turkey Customs Import Data from the official TradeInt trad data intelligence platform.
What does Turkey export the most in 2025?
Vehicles and automotive parts were Turkey's top export category in 2025 at $36.76 billion (13.44%). At the HS code level, HS 8703 (motor cars) led at $13.36 billion (4.88%), followed by HS 2710 (refined petroleum) at $12.38 billion (4.52%) and HS 7113 (jewellery and precious articles) at $9.69 billion (3.54%). The top ten export HS codes combined accounted for 25.99% of the total export value. Data presented is sourced from Turkey Customs Export Data from the official TradeInt trad data intelligence platform.
Who is Turkey's largest import and export partner in 2025?
For imports, China ranked first at $49.54 billion (13.60%), supplying primarily telecommunications equipment (HS 8517), computing hardware (HS 8471), and passenger vehicles (HS 8703). For exports, Germany ranked first at $22.19 billion (8.11%), receiving predominantly automotive parts (HS 8708), passenger cars (HS 8703), and commercial vehicles (HS 8704). The two relationships are structurally different — China supplies manufactured goods and consumer electronics; Germany receives industrial and automotive output.
Data presented is sourced from Turkey Customs Data from the official TradeInt trad data intelligence platform.
What is Turkey's trade balance in 2025?
Turkey's trade deficit reached $92 billion in 2025, the widest on record, as imports of approximately $364 billion grew 6.2% year-on-year while annualised exports reached $269.7 billion. The deficit is concentrated in energy and capital inputs: mineral fuels alone at $61.36 billion (16.84% of the import bill) represent the largest structural gap, compounded by $36.87 billion in vehicle imports against a domestic automotive sector that, while large, does not yet offset the inbound volume.
What does Turkey import from China?
According to TradeInt's Turkey import data 2025, China's top three product lines in Turkey are telecommunications equipment and smartphones (HS 8517: 7.22% of China-origin imports), computing hardware (HS 8471: 5.08%), and passenger vehicles (HS 8703: 3.51%). China was Turkey's largest single import source at $49.54 billion (13.60% of total imports), with its dominance concentrated in electronics and manufacturing inputs that Turkey's own industrial base does not yet produce at a comparable scale or cost.
